Abbrivations

1.        A/D                          :               Analog To Digital Converter
2.        AAL                          :               ATM Adaption Layer
3.        ABM                        :               Asynchronous Balanced Mode
4.        ABR                         :               Available Bit Rate
5.        AC                            :               Access Channel
6.        ACA                         :               Adaptive Channel Allocation
7.        ACF                          :               Auto Correlation Function
8.        ACI                           :               Adjacent Channel Interference
9.        ACK                          :               ACKnowledgment
10.     ACL                          :               Asynchronous Connectionless Link
11.     ACSE                        :               Association control service element
12.     ADBILIDB                 :               Alternate Billing Service And Line Information Data Base
13.     ADC                         :               Analog To Digital Converter
14.     ADIT                        :               Automatic Detection And Integrated Track
15.     ADM                        :               Adaptive Delta Modulation
16.     ADPCM                    :               Adaptive Digital Pulse Code Modulation
17.     ADSL                        :               Asynchronous Digital Subscriber Link
18.     ADSR                       :               Attack-Delay-Sustain-Release
19.     ADT                         :               Automatic Detection and Tracking
20.     AES                          :               Auger electron spectroscopy
21.     AES                          :               Advanced Encryption Standard
22.     AF                            :               Audio Frequency
23.     AFC                          :               Automatic Frequency Control
24.     AFM                        :               atomic force microscopy
25.     AFT                          :               Automatic Frequency Tuning
26.     AGC                         :               Automatic Gain Control
27.     AGCH                      :               Access Grand Channel
28.     AH                           :               Authentication Heads
29.     AIN                          :               Advanced Intelligent Network
30.     ALE                          :               atomic layer epitaxy
31.     AM                          :               Amplitude Modulation
32.     AMC                        :               Advanced Multifunction Controller
33.     AMI                         :               Alternate Mark Inversion
34.     AMPS                      :               Advanced Mobile Phone System
35.     AMTI                       :               Airborne Moving Target Indication
36.     ANC                         :               Active Noise Cancellation
37.     ANS1                       :               Abstract Syntax Notation 1
38.     ANSI                        :               American National Standard Institute
39.     AP                            :               Access Point
40.     APC                          :               Adaptive Predictive Coding
41.     APD                         :               Avalanche Photo Diode
42.     ARB                         :               Arbitrary Waveform Generation
43.     ARDIS                      :               Advanced Ratio data Information System
44.     ARFCN                     :               Absolute Radio Frequency Channel Numbers
45.     ARP                         :               Address Resolution Protocol
46.     ARPA                       :               Advanced Research Project Agency
47.     ARPANET                                :               Advanced Research Project Agency Network
48.     ARPU                       :               Average Revenue Per User
49.     ARQ                         :               Automatic Repeat Request
50.     AS                            :               Authentication Server
51.     AS                            :               Authentication System
52.     AS                            :               Autonomous System
53.     ASCII                        :               American Standard Code for Information Interchange
54.     ASIC                         :               Application Specific Integrated Circuit
55.     ASK                          :               Amplitude Shift Keying
56.     ASPEC                      :               Adaptive Special Perceptual Entropy Coding
57.     ASSP                        :               Acoustic, Speech and Signal Processing
58.     ATC                          :               Adaptive Transform Coding
59.     ATC                          :               Air Traffic Control
60.     ATM                        :               Asynchronous Transfer Mode
61.     ATP                          :               adenosine triphosphate
62.     ATR                         :               Anti Transmit Receive
63.     AUC                         :               Authentication Centre
64.     AUI                          :               Attachment Unit Interface
65.     AVT                         :               Active Vibration Control
66.     AVT                         :               Adaptive Video Threshold
67.     AWGN                     :               Additive White Gaussian Noise
68.     B8ZS                        :               Bipolar with 8-Zero Substation
69.     BASIC                      :               Beginners All-purpose Symbolic Instruction Code
70.     BBD                         :               Bucket Bridge Device
71.     BCC                          :               Block Check Character
72.     BCD                         :               Binary Code Decimal
73.     BCH                         :               Bose-Chaudhuri-Hocquemghem
74.     BECN                       :               Backward Explicit Congenstion Notification
75.     BER                         :               Basic Encoding Rule
76.     BER                         :               Bit Error Rate
77.     BERSIM                   :               Bit Error Rate Service Digital Network
78.     BFO                         :               Beat Frequency Oscillator
79.     BFSK                        :               Binary Frequency Shift Keying
80.     BGP                         :               Border Gateway Protocol
81.     BISDN                      :               Broadband Integrated Service Digital Network
82.     BIU                          :               Base station Interface Unit
83.     BJT                          :               Bipolar Junction Transistor
84.     BKO                         :               Barkhausen-Karz Oscillator
85.     BMEWS                   :               Bablistic Missile Early Warning System
86.     BNC                         :               Bayone-Neil-Concelman
87.     BOC                         :               Bell Operating Company
88.     BOOTP                    :               Boots Trap Protocol
89.     BPF                          :               Band Pass Filter
90.     BPSK                        :               Binary Phase Shift Keying
91.     BRAN                      :               Broadband Radio Access Network
92.     BRI                          :               Basic Rate Interface
93.     BSC                          :               Basic Station Controller
94.     BSC                          :               Binary Symmetric Channel
95.     BSE                          :               back-scattered electron
96.     BSF                          :               Band Stop Filter
97.     BSIC                         :               Base Station Identification Controller
98.     BSS                          :               Base Station Subsystem
99.     BSS                          :               Basic Service Set
100.  BTA                         :               Basic Trading Area
101.  BTS                          :               Base Transceiver Station
102.  BUS                         :               Broadcast Unknown Server
103.  C/I                           :               Carrier to Interference Ratio
104.  CA                            :               Certification Authority
105.  CAC                          :               Constant Area Coding
106.  CAD                         :               Computer Aided Design
107.  CAI                           :               Common Air Interface
108.  CATT                        :               Chain Academy of Telecommunication Technology
109.  CATV                       :               Community Antenna TV
110.  CB                            :               Citizens Band
111.  CBC                          :               Chipler Block Chaining mode
112.  CBO                         :               coulomb blockade oscillations
113.  CBR                         :               Constant Bit Rate
114.  CBT                          :               Core-Based Tree
115.  CCCH                       :               Common Control Channel
116.  CCD                          :               Charge-Coupled Device
117.  CCH                         :               Control Channel
118.  CCI                           :               Co-Channel Interference
119.  CCIR                         :               Consultative Committee For International Radio communications
120.  CCITT                       :               International Telegraph & Telephone Consultative Committee
121.  CCK                          :               Complementary Code Keying
122.  CCR                          :               Condition Code Register
123.  CCS                          :               Central Computer System
124.  CCS                          :               Common Channel Signalling
125.  CCTV                        :               Closed Circuit Television
126.  CCU                         :               Camera Control Unit
127.  CD                            :               Compact Disk
128.  CD-DV                      :               Compact Disk Digital Video
129.  CDF                          :               Cumulative Distributive Function
130.  CDMA                      :               Code Division Multiple Access
131.  CDPD                       :               Cellular Division Packet Data
132.  CD-ROM                  :               Compact Disk Read Only Memory
133.  CDVCC                     :               Coded Digital Verification Colour Code
134.  CELP                        :               Coded Excited Linear Prediction vocoders
135.  CENELEC                  :               Committee European de Normalisation Electro technique
136.  CEPT                        :               Conference European Posts and Telecommunication
137.  CFA                          :               Cross Field Amplifier
138.  CFAR                       :               Constant False – Alarm Rate
139.  CFB                          :               Chipher Feedback Mode
140.  CFL                          :               capillary force lithography
141.  CFP                          :               Cordless Fixed Part
142.  CFS                          :               chemical force spectroscopy
143.  CGI                          :               Common Gateway Interface
144.  CHAP                       :               Challenge Handshake Authentication Protocol
145.  CIC                           :               Circuit Identification Code
146.  CIDR                        :               Classless Inter Domain Routing
147.  CIF                           :               Common Intermediate Format
148.  CIR                           :               Committed Information Rate
149.  CIRC                         :               Cross Interleaved Read Solomon Code
150.  CISC                         :               Complex Instruction Set Computer
151.  CIU                          :               Cellular Controller Interface Unit
152.  CLEC                        :               Competitive Local Exchange Carrier
153.  CLNP                        :               Connectionless Protocol
154.  CMA                        :               Constant Modulus Algorithm
155.  CMOS                      :               Complementary Metal Oxide Semiconductor
156.  CMP                         :               chemical-mechanical polishing
157.  CMRR                      :               Common Mode Rejection Ratio
158.  CMY                         :               Cyan, Magenta, Yellow
159.  CNR                         :               Carrier to Noise Ratio
160.  CNS                         :               Comfort Noise Subsystem
161.  CNT                         :               carbon nanotube
162.  cNW-FET                                 :               crossed nanowire field-effect transistor
163.  CO                           :               Central Office
164.  Codec                      :               Coder/decoder
165.  Coho                        :               Coherent Oscillator
166.  COST                       :               Cooperative for Scientific & Technical Research
167.  CPC                          :               Critical Process Controller
168.  CPE                          :               Customer Premises Equipment
169.  CPFSK                      :               Continuously Phase Frequency Shift Keying
170.  CPI                           :               Coherent Processing Interval
171.  CPM                         :               Continuous Pulse Modulation
172.  CPP                          :               Cordless Portable Port
173.  CPSD                        :               Cross Power Spectral Density
174.  CPSM                       :               Continuous Phase Shift Function
175.  CPU                         :               Central Processing Unit
176.  CQFP                       :               Ceramic Quad Flat Pack
177.  CRC                          :               Cyclic Redundancy Codec
178.  CRO                         :               Cathode Ray Oscillator
179.  CRT                          :               Cathode Ray Tube
180.  CS                            :               Convergence Sub layer
181.  CSC                          :               Computer Supervisory Control
182.   CSM                        :               Cipher Stream Mode
183.  CSMA                      :               Carrier Sense Multiple Access
184.  CSMA/CA                                :               Carrier Sense Multiple Access with Collision Avoidance
185.  CSMA/CD                                :               Carrier Sense Multiple Access with Collision Detection
186.  CT2                          :               Cordless Telephone 2
187.  CTD                          :               Change Transfer Device
188.  CTFS                        :               Continuous Time Fourier Series
189.  CTFT                        :               Continuous Time Fourier Transform
190.  CTIA                         :               Cellular Telecommunication Industry Association
191.  CVSD                       :               Continuous Variable Slop Delta Modulation
192.  CVSDM                    :               Continuously variable Slope Delta Modulation
193.  CW                          :               Continuous Wave
194.  DAB                         :               Digital Audio Broadcasting
195.  DAC                         :               Digital to Analog Converter
196.  DAM                        :               Diagnostic Acceptability Measure
197.  D-Amps                   :               Digital Amps
198.  DARPA                     :               Defence Advanced Research Project Agency
199.  DARS                       :               Digital Audio Radio Services
200.  DAS                         :               Data Acquisition System
201.  DAS                         :               Distributed Antenna System
202.  dB                            :               decibel
203.  DBAS                       :               Database service management System
204.  DBS                         :               Direct Broadcast Satellites
205.  DC                            :               Digital Communication
206.  DC                            :               Direct Current
207.  DCA                         :               Dynamic Channel Allocation
208.  DCC                          :               Digital Compact Cassette
209.  DCCH                       :               Dedicated Control Channel
210.  DCE                          :               Data Circuit Terminating Equipment
211.  DCF                          :               Distributed Coordination Function
212.  DCS                          :               Digital Communication System
213.  DCS1800                  :               Digital Communication System 1800
214.  DCT                          :               Discrete Cosine Transform
215.  DDA                         :               Decade Divider Assembler
216.  DDC                         :               Double Delta Coding
217.  DDNS                       :               Dynamic Domain Name System
218.  DDS                         :               Digital Data Service
219.  DE                            :               Discard Eligibility
220.  DECT                        :               Digital European Cordless Telephone
221.  DEM                        :               Digital Elevation Model
222.  DEMUX                    :               Demultiplexer
223.  DES                          :               Data Encryption Standard
224.  DFE                          :               Decision Feedback Equalization
225.  DFT                          :               Discrete Fourier Transform
226.  DGL                         :               diffraction gradient lithography
227.  DHCP                       :               Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol
228.  DHP                         :               Data Hiway Port
229.  DIFS                         :               Distributed Inter frame space
230.  DIP                           :               Dual Inline Package
231.  DL                            :               Difference Limen
232.  DLC                          :               Data Link Control
233.  DLCI                         :               Data Link Connection Identifier
234.  DLL                          :               Dynamic Link Library
235.  DLP                          :               diffusion-limited patterning
236.  DM                          :               Delta Modulation
237.  DMA                        :               Direct Memory Access
238.  DMC                        :               Discrete Memory less Channel
239.  DMM                       :               Digital Multi Meter
240.  DMS                        :               Discrete Memory less Source
241.  DMT                        :               Discrete Multitone Technique
242.  DNM                        :               double-negative material
243.  DNS                         :               Domain Name System
244.  DOCSIS                    :               Data Over Cable System Interface Specification
245.  DPCA                       :               Displaced Phase Centre Antenna
246.  DPCM                      :               Differential Pulse Code Modulation
247.  DPM                        :               Digital Panel Meter
248.  DPN                         :               dip-pen nanolithography
249.  DPSK                        :               Differential Phase Shift Keying
250.  DPST                        :               Double Pole Single Throw
251.  DQPSK                     :               Differential Quardrature Phase Shift Keying
252.  DRAM                      :               Dynamic Random Access memory
253.  DRT                         :               Diagnostic Rhyme Test
254.  DS                            :               Differentiated Service
255.  DS                            :               Digital Signal
256.  DS                            :               Direct Sequence
257.  DSAT                       :               Digital Supervisory Audio Tone
258.  DSBFC                     :               Double Side Band Full Carrier
259.  DSBSC                     :               Double Side Band Suppressed Carrier
260.  DSE                          :               Data Switching Exchange
261.  DSFP                        :               Digital Sound Field Processing
262.  DSL                          :               Digital Subscriber Line
263.  DSLAM                    :               Digital Subscriber Line Access Multiplexer
264.  DSO                         :               Digital Storage Oscilloscope
265.  DSP                          :               Digital Signal Processing
266.  DSPN                       :               Direct Sequence Pseudo Noise
267.  DS-SS                      :               Direct Sequence Spread Spectrum
268.  DST                          :               Digital Signalling Tone
269.  DTB                         :               Delayed time Base
270.  DTC                          :               Digital Traffic Channel
271.  DTE                          :               Data Terminal Equipment
272.  DTE                          :               Data Termination Equipment
273.  DTH                         :               Direct To Home
274.  DTMF                      :               Dual Tone Multi Frequency
275.  DTx                          :               Discontinues Transmission Mode
276.  DUP                         :               Data User Part
277.  DUV                         :               deep ultraviolet
278.  DVM                        :               Digital Volt Meter
279.  DVMRP                    :               Distance Vector Multicast Routing Protocol
280.  DWDM                    :               Dense Wave Division Multiplexing
281.  DWR                        :               Digital memory Waveform Recorder
282.  EBD                         :               electron-beam deposition
283.  EBDL                        :               electron-beam deposition lithography
284.  EBIT                         :               electron-beam-induced deposition
285.  EBL                          :               electron-beam lithography
286.  EBS                          :               Electron Bombarded Semiconductor
287.  EBU                         :               European Broadcast Union
288.  ECCM                       :               Electronic Counter-Counter Measures
289.  ECG                         :               Electro Cardio Gram
290.  ECL                          :               Emitter Coupled Logic
291.  ECR                          :               electron cyclotron resonance etching
292.  EDGE                       :               Enhanced Data rates for GSM Evolution
293.  EDX                          :               energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy
294.  EEG                         :               Electro Encephalograph
295.  EEPROM                  :               Electrically Erasable Programmable Read Only Memory
296.  EFM                         :               Eight to Fourteen Modulation
297.  EHF                         :               Extremely High Frequency
298.  EIA                           :               Electronics Industries Association
299.  EIRP                         :               Effective Isotropic Radiated Power
300.  E-mail                     :               Electronic Mail
301.  EMC                         :               Electro Magnetic Compatibility
302.  EMP                         :               Electro Magnetic Pulse
303.  ENQ                         :               Enquiry
304.  EOC                         :               Embedded Operations Channel
305.  EOL                          :               End Of Line
306.  EPID                         :               Electro Phonetic Image Display
307.  EPROM                    :               Electrically Programmable Read Only Memory
308.  EQ                           :               Equalization
309.  erf                           :               error function
310.  erfc                          :               complementary error function
311.  ERMES                    :               European Radio Message System
312.  ERP                          :               Effective Radiated power
313.  ESCA                        :               electron spectroscopy for chemical analysis (XPS)
314.  ESD                          :               Electro Static Pulse
315.  ESD                          :               Energy Spectral Density
316.  E-SMR                     :               Extended Specialized Mobile
317.  ESN                         :               Electronic Serial Number
318.  ETACS                      :               European Total Access Cellular System
319.  ETACS                      :               European Total Access Communication System
320.  ETB                          :               End of Transmission Block
321.  ETSI                         :               European telecommunications Standard Institute
322.  EUV                         :               extreme ultraviolet
323.  EUV                         :               extreme ultraviolet
324.  EUVL                       :               extreme-ultraviolet lithography
325.  EUVL                       :               extreme-ultraviolet lithography
326.  FACCH                     :               Fast Associated Control Channel
327.  FAF                          :               Fltor Attenuation Factor
328.  FBF                          :               Feedback Filter
329.  FC                            :               Frequency Channel
330.  FCCH                       :               Frequency Correction Channel
331.  FCDMA                    :               Hybrid FDMA/CDMA
332.  FDD                         :               Frequency Division Duplex
333.  FDM                        :               Finite Different Method
334.  FDM                        :               Frequency Division Multiplexing
335.  FDMA                      :               Frequency Division Multiple Access
336.  FDTC                        :               Forward Data Traffic Channel
337.  FEC                          :               Forward Error Correction
338.  FECN                       :               Forward Explicit Conjunction Notification
339.  FEM                         :               Finite Element Method
340.  FET                          :               Field Effect Transistor
341.  FETVM                    :               Field Effect transistor Voltmeter
342.  FFF                          :               Feed Forward Filter
343.  FFSR                        :               Feed Forward Signal Regeneration
344.  FFT                          :               Fast Fourier Transform
345.  FH                           :               Frequency Hopping
346.  FHMA                      :               Frequency Hopping Multiple Access
347.  FH-SS                      :               Frequency Hopping Spread Spectrum
348.  FHT                         :               Fast Hardamard Transform
349.  FIB                           :               focussed ion beam
350.  FIBL                         :               focussed ion beam lithography
351.  FIFO                        :               First In First Out
352.  FIR                           :               Finite Impulse Response
353.  FM                           :               Frequency Modulation
354.  FN                           :               Frame Number
355.  FPLMTS                   :               Future Public Land Mobile Telephone System
356.  FQDN                      :               Fully Qualified Domain Name
357.  FRAD                       :               Frame Relay Assembler / Dissembler
358.  FSE                          :               Fractionally Spaced Equalizer
359.  FSK                          :               Frequency Shift Keying
360.  FTAM                      :               File Transfer Access and Management
361.  FTC                          :               Fast-Time-Constant
362.  FTF                          :               Fast Transversal Filter
363.  FTP                          :               File Transfer Protocol
364.  FVC                          :               Forward Voice Channel
365.  GCA                         :               Ground Control Approach
366.  GCI                          :               Ground Control of Intercept
367.  GIF                          :               Graphic Interchange Format
368.  GIS                          :               Graphical Interface System
369.  GIU                          :               Gateway Interface Unit
370.  GMSK                      :               Gaussian Minimum Shift Keying
371.  GOS                         :               Grade Of Service
372.  GPCI                        :               General Purpose Computer Interface
373.  GPIB                        :               General Purpose Interface Bus
374.  GPRS                       :               General Packet Radio Service
375.  GPS                         :               Global Positioning System
376.  GSC                         :               Golay Sequential Coding
377.  GSM                        :               Global System for Mobile Communication (New)
378.  GSM                        :               Group Service Mobile (old)
379.  HAAT                       :               Height Above Average Terrain
380.  HD                           :               high density
381.  HDLC                       :               High Level Data Link Control
382.  HDSL                       :               High bit rate Digital Subscriber Link
383.  HF                           :               High Frequency
384.  HFC                         :               Hybrid Fiber Coaxial network
385.  HIPERLAN               :               High Performance Ratio Local Area Network
386.  HLR                         :               Home Location Register
387.  HMAC                      :               Hashed Message Authentication Code
388.  HPF                         :               High Pass Filter
389.  HP-IB                       :               Hewlett & Packard Interface Bus
390.  HPM                        :               High Power Microwave
391.  HPW                        :               High Power Microwave
392.  HRD                         :               High Data Rate
393.  HR-DSSS                 :               High Rate Direct Sequence Spread Spectrum
394.  HSCSD                     :               High Speed Circuit Switched Data
395.  HSD                         :               Home Data Base
396.  HSI                          :               Hue, Saturation, Intensity
397.  HSQ                         :               hydrogen silsesquioxane
398.  HSV                         :               Hue, saturation, Value
399.  HTML                      :               Hyper Text Mark-up Language
400.  http                         :               Hyper Text Transfer Protocol
401.  Hz                            :               Hertz
402.  IAB                          :               Internet Architecture Board
403.  IANA                        :               Internet Assigned Numbers Authority
404.  ICANN                     :               Internet Corporation for Assigned Names and Numbers
405.  ICMP                        :               Internet Control Message Protocol
406.  ICMPv6                    :               Internet Control Message Protocol version 6
407.  IDCT                         :               Inverse discrete Cosine Transform
408.  IDen                         :               Integrated Discrete Enhanced Network
409.  IDFT                         :               Inverse Digital Fourier Transform
410.  IDL                           :               Interface Definition Language
411.  IDN                          :               Integrated Digital Network
412.  IDT                           :               Inter Digital Transducers
413.  IEC                           :               Inter Electrode Capacitance
414.  IEC                           :               International Electrotechnical commission
415.  IECJTC                      :               International Electrotechnical commission Joint Technical Committee
416.  IEE                           :               Institute of Electrical Engineers
417.  IEEE                         :               Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers
418.  IESG                        :               Internet Engineer Steering Group
419.  IETF                         :               Internet Engineering Task Force
420.  IF                             :               Intermediate Frequency
421.  IFFT                         :               Inverse Fast Fourier Transform
422.  IFR                           :               Infinite Impulse Response
423.  IFS                           :               Inter Frame Space
424.  IGA                          :               Improved Gaussian Approximation
425.  IGFET                      :               Insulated Gate Field Effect Transistor
426.  IGMP                       :               Internet Group Message Protocol
427.  IGS                          :               Improved Gray Scale
428.  IHPF                        :               Ideal High Pass Filter
429.  IIF                            :               Image Interchange Facility
430.  IIMTS                       :               Inter Improved Mobile Telephone Service
431.  IIR                            :               Infinite Impulse Response
432.  IKE                           :               Internet Key Exchange
433.  IL                             :               interferometric lithography
434.  ILD                           :               Injection Laser Diode
435.  ILPF                         :               Ideal Low Pass Filter
436.  IM                            :               Inter Modulation
437.  IMAP4                     :               Internet Mail Access Protocol version 4
438.  IMD                         :               Inter Modulation Distortion
439.  IMPATT                   :               Impact Avalanche and Transmit Time
440.  IMSI                         :               International Mobile Subscriber Identification
441.  INTERNIC                                :               Internet Network Information Centre
442.  IntServ                     :               Integrated Services
443.  IP                             :               Internet Protocol
444.  IPCP                         :               Internetwork Protocol Control Protocol
445.  IPng                         :               Internet Protocol next generation
446.  IPsec                        :               IP security
447.  IPT                           :               Image Processing Tool box
448.  IPv4                         :               Internet Protocol Version 4
449.  IPv6                         :               Internet Protocol Version 6
450.  IRE                           :               Institution of radio Engineers
451.  IREPS                       :               Integrated Refraction Effects Prediction System
452.  IRTF                         :               Internet Research Task Force
453.  IS-95                        :               Interim Standard 95
454.  ISDN                        :               Integrated Service Digital Network
455.  ISI                            :               Inter Symbol Interference
456.  ISL                           :               iterative spacer lithography
457.  ISM                          :               Industrial Scientific and Medical
458.  ISOC                        :               Internet Society
459.  ISP                           :               Internet Service Provider
460.  ISUP        `               :               ISDN User Port
461.  ITFS                         :               Instructional Television Fixed Service
462.  ITM                          :               Internet Mobile Communication
463.  ITO                          :               indium tin oxide
464.  ITRS                         :               International Technology Roadmap for Semiconductors
465.  ITRS                         :               International Technology Roadmap for Semiconductors
466.  ITU                          :               International Telecommunication Union
467.  ITU-R                       :               International Telecommunication Union - Radio communication
468.  ITU-T                       :               International Telecommunication Union – Telecommunication
469.  IXC                           :               Interexchange carrier
470.  JBIG                         :               Joint Bi-level Image Group
471.  JDC                          :               Japanese Digital Cellular
472.   JFET                        :               Junction Field Effect Transistor
473.  JND                          :               Just Noticeable Difference
474.  JPEG                        :               Joint Photographic Expert Group
475.  JRC                          :               Joint Radio Committee
476.  JTACS                      :               Japanese Total Access Communication System
477.  JTC                           :               Joint Technical Committee
478.  JVM                         :               Java Virtual Machine
479.  KCL                          :               Kirchhoff’s Current Law
480.  KDC                          :               Key Distribution Centre
481.  KLD                          :               Karhunen Loeve Transform
482.  KVL                          :               Kirchhoff’s Voltage Law
483.  LAN                         :               Local Area Network
484.  LANE                       :               LAN Emulation
485.  LAR                          :               Log Area Ratio
486.  LASR                        :               Light Activated Silicon Controlled Rectifier
487.  LATA                        :               Local Access And Transport Area
488.  LB                            :               film Langmuir Blodgett film
489.  LBT                          :               Listen Before Talk
490.  LCC                          :               Lost Call Cleared
491.  LCD                          :               Liquid Crystal Display
492.  LCP                          :               Link Control Protocol
493.  LCR                          :               Level Crossing Rate
494.  LCS                          :               Logic Control System
495.  LEC                          :               LAN Emulation Client
496.  LEC                          :               Local Exchange carrier
497.  LED                          :               Light Emitting Diode
498.  LEEB                        :               low-energy electron beam
499.  LEEBDW                  :               low-energy electron-beam direct writing
500.  LEESR                      :               low-energy electron-stimulated reaction
501.  LEO                          :               Low Earth Orbit
502.  LF                            :               Low Frequency
503.  LFSR                        :               Linear Feedback Shift Register Coding
504.  LLC                           :               Logic Link Control
505.  LLCAP                      :               Logical Link Control and Adaption Protocol
506.  LMI                          :               Logical Management Information
507.  LMOS                      :               Local Multi Point Distribution Systems
508.  LMPS                       :               Linear Mode Power Supply
509.  LMS                         :               Least Mean Square
510.  LOS                          :               Line Of Sight
511.  LPC                          :               Linear Predictive Coding
512.  LPF                          :               Low Pass Filter
513.  LRC                          :               Longitudinal Redundancy Check
514.  LSA                          :               Limited Space charge Accumulation
515.  LSA                          :               Local State Advertisement
516.  LSB                          :               Least Significant Bit
517.  LSB                          :               Lower Side Band
518.  LSI                           :               Large Scale Integration
519.  LSP                          :               Local State Packet
520.  LSSB                        :               Lower Single Side Band
521.  LTE                          :               Linear Transversal equalizer
522.  LVDT                        :               Linear Variable Differential Transformer
523.  LVDT                        :               Linear Variable Displacement Transducer
524.  LVP                          :               Liquid Vapour Display
525.  MA                          :               Multiple Access
526.  MAA                        :               Message Access Agent
527.  MAC                        :               Message Authentication Code
528.  MACS                      :               Medium Access Control Sub layer
529.  MAF                        :               Minimum Audible Field
530.  MAHO                     :               Mobile Assisted Handoff
531.  MAI                         :               Multiple Access Interference
532.  MALDI                     :               matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization
533.  MAN                        :               Metropolitan Area Network
534.  MATV                      :               Master Antenna Television
535.  MBONE                   :               Multicast Back Bone
536.  MBS                        :               multi-beam source
537.  MBS                        :               multi-beam source
538.  MC                           :               molecule cluster
539.  MC                           :               Multicarrier
540.  MC                           :               Multifunction Controller
541.  MCR                        :               Master Control Room
542.  MCS                         :               Master Control Set
543.  MD                          :               Mini Disc
544.  MDBS                      :               Mobile Data Base Station
545.  MDC                        :               Modification Detection Mode
546.  MDLP                       :               Mobile Data Link protocol
547.  MDR                        :               Medium Data Rate
548.  MDS                        :               Multipoint Distribution Service
549.  MEO                        :               Medium Earth Orbit
550.  METRRA                  :               Metal Reradiating Radar
551.  MFD                        :               Mode Field Modulation
552.  MFJ                         :               Modified Final Judgement
553.  MFLOPS                  :               Million of Floating Point Operations Per Second
554.  MFSK                       :               Minimum Frequency Shift Keying
555.  MHA                        :               mercaptohexanoic acid
556.  MHEG                     :               Multimedia and Hypermedia Experts Group
557.  MIB                         :               Management Information Base
558.  MII                           :               Medium Independent Interface
559.  MIME                      :               Multipurpose Internet Mail Extension
560.  MIN                         :               Mobile Identification Number
561.  MIPS                        :               Millions Of Instructions Per Second
562.  MIRS                       :               Motorola Integrated radio system
563.  MIX                          :               Modular Interface Extension
564.  ML                           :               Maximal length
565.  MLPC                       :               Multi pulse Linear Predictive Coding
566.  MLSE                       :               Maximum likelihood Sequence Estimation
567.  MLT-3                      :               Multiline Transmission 3 Level
568.  MMSE                     :               Minimum Mean Squared Error
569.  MOM                       :               Method Of Moment
570.  MOPA                      :               Master Oscillator Power Amplifier
571.  MOS                        :               Metal Oxide Semiconductor
572.  MOSFET                  :               Metal Oxide Semiconductor Field Effect Transistor
573.  MOSPF                    :               Multicast Open Shortest Path First
574.  MOST                      :               Metal Oxide Silicon Transistor
575.  MPEG                      :               Motion Picture Experts Group
576.  ms                           :               milliseconds
577.  MSB                        :               Most Significant Bit
578.  MSC                         :               Mobile Switching Centre
579.  MSE                         :               Mean Square Error
580.  MSI                          :               Medium Scale Integration
581.  MSK                         :               Minimum Shift Keying
582.  MTA                        :               Mail Transfer Agent
583.  MTD                        :               Moving Target Detector
584.  MTJ                         :               magnetic tunnel junction
585.  MTSO                      :               Mobile Telephone Switching Office
586.  MTTF                       :               Mean Time To Failure
587.  MTU                        :               Maximum Transfer Unit
588.  MUSICAM               :               Masking Pattern Adapted Universal Sub-band Integrated And Multiplexing
589.  MUX                        :               Multiplexer
590.  MWNT                    :               multi-wall carbon nanotubes
591.  NA                           :               Numerical Aperture
592.  NAP                         :               Network Access Points
593.  NAT                         :               Network Address Translation
594.  NAV                         :               Network Allocation Vector
595.  NCA                         :               nanochannel alumina
596.  NCP                         :               Network Control Protocol
597.  NEMS                      :               nanoelectromechanical systems
598.  NFL                          :               near-field lithography
599.  NIC                          :               Network Interface Card
600.  NIL                           :               nano imprint lithography
601.  NL                            :               Novolak
602.  NNI                          :               Network to Network Interface
603.  NRL                         :               Naval Research Laboratory
604.  NRM                        :               Normal respond Mode
605.  NRZ -I                      :               Non Return To Zero - Invert
606.  NRZ                         :               Non Return To Zero
607.  NRZ-L                      :               Non Return To Zero – Level
608.  NSF                         :               National Science Foundation
609.  NTC                         :               Negative Temperature Coefficient
610.  NVT                         :               Network Virtual Terminal
611.  OC                           :               Optical Carrier
612.  OC                           :               Optical Communication
613.  ODT                         :               octadecanethiol
614.  OF                           :               Output Feedback
615.  OFDM                      :               Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing
616.  OKPSK                     :               Offset Keyed Phase Shift Keying
617.  OKQAM                   :               Offset Keyed Quardrature Amplitude Modulation
618.  OMVPE                    :               organometallic vapor-phase epitaxy
619.  OOK                         :               On Off Keying
620.  OP amp                   :               Operational Amplifier
621.  OPSK                       :               Offset Keyed Phase Shift Keying
622.  OQAM                     :               Offset Keyed Quardrature Amplitude Modulation
623.  ORU                        :               Optimum Replacement Unit
624.  OSI                          :               Open System Interconnection
625.  OTH                         :               Over The Horizon
626.  PAAF                       :               porous anodic alumina films
627.  PAL                          :               Phase Alternation by Line
628.  PAM                        :               Pulse Amplitude Modulation
629.  PAP                          :               Password Authentication Protocol
630.  PC                            :               polycarbonate
631.  PCB                          :               Printed Circuit Board
632.  PCF                          :               Point Coordination Function
633.  PCM                         :               Pulse Code Modulation
634.  PCMCIA                   :               Personal Computer Memory Card International Association
635.  PCS                          :               Personal Communication system
636.  PDA                         :               Personal Digital Assistant
637.  PDF                          :               Probability Density Function
638.  PDM                        :               Pulse Duration Modulation
639.  PDMS                      :               polydimethylsiloxane
640.  PDQ                         :               Predictive Differential Quantizing
641.  PE                            :               polyethylene
642.  PE-CVD                    :               physically enhanced chemical vapor deposition
643.  PEPE                        :               perfluoropolyether
644.  PET                          :               plasma etching
645.  PET                          :               poly(ethylene-terephthalate)
646.  PET                          :               Position Emission Tomography
647.  PGA                         :               Pin Grid Array
648.  PGP                         :               Pretty Good Privacy
649.  PHB                         :               Per Hop Behaviour
650.  PHOST                     :               poly(hydroxystyrene)
651.  PID                           :               Proportional Integral Controller
652.  PIL                           :               Precision In Line
653.  PIM                          :               Protocol Independent Multicast
654.  PIM-DM                   :               Protocol Independent Multicast Dense Mode
655.  PIM-SM                   :               Protocol Independent Multicast Sparse Mode
656.  PIU                          :               Process Interface Units
657.  PIV                           :               Peak Inverse Voltage
658.  Pixel                        :               Picture Element
659.  PKI                           :               Public Key Infra structure
660.  PLL                           :               Phased Locked Loop
661.  PM                           :               Phase Modulation
662.  PMMA                     :               poly(methyl methacrylate)
663.  PMMC                     :               Permanent Magnet Moving Coil Instrument
664.  PN                           :               Pseudorandom Noise
665.  POP                         :               Point Of Presence
666.  POP3                       :               Post Office Protocol Version3
667.  POS                         :               Product Of Sums
668.  POTS                       :               Plain Old Telephone System
669.  PPI                           :               Plane Position Indicator
670.  PPM                         :               Parts Per Million
671.  PPM                         :               Periodic Permanent Magnet
672.  PPM                         :               Pulse Position Modulation
673.  PPP                          :               poly(para-phenylene)
674.  PPP                          :               Point to Point Protocol
675.  PQDN                      :               Partially Qualified Domain Name
676.  PQFP                       :               Plastic Quad Flat Pack
677.  PRBS                       :               Pseudo Random Binary Sequence
678.  PRI                           :               Primary Rate Interface
679.  PRNS                       :               Pseudo Random Noise Sequence
680.  PSD                          :               Power Spectral Density
681.  PSK                          :               Phase Shift Keying
682.  PTC                          :               Positive Temperature Coefficient
683.  PTM                         :               Pulse Time Modulation
684.  PTSS                        :               Primary Trigger Source Selector
685.  PUA                         :               poly(urethane acrylate)
686.  PUA                         :               poly(urethane acrylate)
687.  PUK                         :               Personal Unlock Code
688.  PVC                          :               Permanent Virtual Circuit
689.  PVI                           :               Programmable Video Interface
690.  PWM                       :               Pulse Width Modulation
691.  PXL                          :               proximity X-ray lithography
692.  QAM                        :               Quardrature Amplitude
693.  QCA                         :               quantum-dot cellular automata
694.  QD                           :               quantum dot
695.  QDD                         :               quantum dot devices
696.  QOS                         :               Quality of Service
697.  QPSK                       :               Quardrature Phase Shift Keying
698.  RAC                         :               Relative Address Coding
699.  RADAM                   :               Radar Detection of Agitated Metals
700.  RADAR                    :               Radio Detection And Ranging
701.  RAM                        :               Random Access Memory
702.  RARP                       :               Reserve Address Resolution Protocol
703.  RCA                         :               Radio Corporation of America
704.  RELP                        :               Residual Excited Linear Prediction Vocoders
705.  RETMA                    :               Radio, Electronics and Television Manufacturers Association of America
706.  RF                            :               Radio Frequency
707.  RFC                          :               Request For Comment
708.  RGB                         :               Red, Green, Blue
709.  RIE                           :               reactive ion etching
710.  RIFF                         :               Resource Interchange File Format
711.  RIP                           :               Routing Information Protocol
712.  RISC                         :               Reduced Instruction Set Computer
713.  RLC                          :               Run Length Coding
714.  RLE                          :               Run Length Encoding
715.  ROI                          :               Region Of Interest
716.  ROM                        :               Read Only Memory
717.  RPB                         :               Reserve Path Broadcasting
718.  RPE                          :               Recursive Predictor Error
719.  RPE                          :               Regulator Pulse Excitation
720.  RPF                          :               Reserve Path Forwarding
721.  RPM                        :               Reserve Path Multicasting
722.  RSA                         :               Rivest Shamir Adleman
723.  RSL                          :               reversed spacer lithography
724.  RSVP                       :               Resource Reservation Protocol
725.  RTCP                        :               Real-Time Control Protocol
726.  RTD                         :               Resistance Temperature Detector
727.  RTP                          :               Real-Time Transfer Protocol
728.  RTSP                        :               Real-Time Streaming Protocol
729.  RTT                          :               Round Trip Time
730.  Rx                            :               Receiver
731.  RZ                            :               Return to Zero
732.  S/H                          :               Sample and Hold
733.  S/N                          :               Signal to Noise ratio
734.  S/P-DIF                    :               Sony/Philips Digital Interface Format
735.  SA                            :               Security Association
736.  SADB                       :               Sequence Association Data Base
737.  SAR                         :               Segmentation And Reassembly
738.  SAR                         :               Synthetic Aperture Radar
739.  SAW                        :               Surface Acoustic Wave
740.  SBM                        :               Super Bit Mapping
741.  SCCP                        :               Signalling Connection Control Point
742.  SCMP                       :               Stream Control Message Protocol
743.  SCMS                       :               Serial Copy Management System
744.  SCO                         :               Synchronous Connection oriented
745.  SCP                          :               Server Control Point
746.  SCR                          :               Silicon Control Rectifier
747.  SCTP                        :               Stream Control Transmission Protocol
748.  SCV                          :               Sub Clutter Visibility
749.  SDH                         :               Synchronous Digital Hierarchy
750.  SDP                          :               Synchronous Optical Network
751.  SDSL                        :               Symmetric Digital Subscriber Link
752.  SE                            :               secondary electron
753.  SEAL                        :               Simple and Efficient Adaption Layer
754.  SECAM                    :               Sequential Couleures Amernorie
755.  SED                          :               single-electron devices
756.  SEM                         :               scanning electron microscopy
757.  SERS                        :               surface-enhanced Raman scattering
758.  SET                          :               single-electron tunneling
759.  SFG                         :               Signal Flow Graph
760.  SGML                      :               Standard Generalized Mark-up Language
761.  SHA-1                      :               Secure Hash Algorithm 1
762.  SHF                         :               Super High Frequency
763.  SIFA                         :               Short Inter Frame Space
764.  SIMS                        :               secondary ion mass spectrometry
765.  SINR                        :               Signal to Interface Plus Noise Ratio
766.  SIP                           :               Session Initiation Protocol
767.  SLIP                         :               Serial Line Internet Protocol
768.  SLSI                         :               Super Large Scale Integration
769.  SMI                          :               Structure of Management Information
770.  SMPS                       :               Switch Mode Power Supply
771.  SMPTE                     :               Society of Motion Picture and Television Engineers
772.  SMTP                       :               Simple Mail Transfer Protocol
773.  SNMP                      :               Simple Network Management Protocol
774.  SNPM                      :               Simple Network Protocol Management
775.  SNR                         :               Signal to Noise Ratio
776.  SOI                          :               silicon on insulator
777.  SOI                          :               Space Objective Identification
778.  SON                         :               Synchronous Optical Network
779.  SONET                     :               Synchronous Optical Network
780.  SOP                         :               Sum Of Product
781.  SOQD                      :               self-organized quantum dots
782.  SP                            :               Signal Point
783.  SPDT                        :               Single Pole Double Throw Switch
784.  SPG                         :               Sync Pulse Generation
785.  SPI                           :               Security Parameter Index
786.  SPL                          :               surface plasmon lithography
787.  SPL                          :               Sound Pressure Level
788.  SPM                         :               scanning probe microscopy
789.  SPN                         :               Synchronous Payload Network
790.  SPR                          :               surface plasmon resonance
791.  SPRINT                    :               surface plasmon resonant interference nanolithography technique
792.  SPRINT                    :               surface plasmon resonant interference nanolithography technique
793.  SPS                          :               Standby Power Supply
794.  SR                            :               Status Register
795.  SRAM                      :               Static Random Access Memory
796.  SRC                          :               Sample Rate Converter
797.  SS7                          :               Signal System 7
798.  SSB                          :               Single Side Band
799.  SSBSC                      :               Single Side Band Suppressed Carrier
800.  SSI                           :               Small Scale Integration
801.  SSL                          :               Secure Socket Layer
802.  SST                          :               solid-state technology
803.  Stalo                        :               Stable Local oscillator
804.  STC                          :               Secondary Trigger Source Selector
805.  STL                          :               sidewall transfer lithography
806.  STL                          :               sidewall transfer lithography
807.  STM                         :               scanning tunneling microscopy
808.  STM                         :               Synchronous Transport Module
809.  STP                          :               Shielded Twisted Pair
810.  STP                          :               Signal Transport Port
811.  STS                          :               Synchronous Transport Signal
812.  STSS                        :               Secondary Trigger Source Selector
813.  STx                          :               Start to text
814.  SVC                          :               Switched Virtual Circuit
815.  SWR                        :               Standing Wave Ratio
816.  TACCAR                   :               Time Averaged Clutter Coherent Air bone Radar
817.  TCAP                        :               Transaction Capabilities Application Port
818.  TCP                          :               Transmission Control Protocol
819.   TCP/IP                    :               Transmission Control Protocol/ Internetworking Protocol
820.  TDD                         :               Time Division Duplexing
821.  TDD-TDMA              :               Time Division Duplexing TDMA
822.  TDM                        :               Time Division Multiplexing
823.  TDMA                      :               Time Division Multiple Access
824.  TE                            :               Transverse Electric
825.  TELNET                    :               Terminal Network
826.  TEM                         :               transmission electron microscope
827.  TF                            :               thermal flow
828.  TFTP                        :               Trivial File Transfer Protocol
829.  TGS                         :               Ticket Granting Server
830.  THD                         :               Total Harmonic Distortion
831.  THD+N                    :               Total Harmonic Distortion Plus Noise
832.  TLS                          :               Transport Layer Security
833.  TM                           :               Transverse Magnetic
834.  TMAH                      :               tetramethylammonium hydroxide
835.  TON                         :               Timer On Delay
836.  TOS                         :               Type Of Service
837.  TPDF                        :               Triangular Probability Density Function
838.  TR                            :               Transmit Receive
839.  TRAPATT                 :               Trapped Plasma Avalanche Triggered Transit
840.  TRF                          :               Tuned Radio Frequency
841.  TRR                         :               tunnel resonance resistor
842.  TSI                           :               terrascale integration (in electronics: more than 1 trillion transistors per chip)
843.  TSI                           :               Time Slot Interchange
844.  TTL                          :               Time To Level
845.  TTL                          :               Transistor- Transistor Logic
846.  TTS                          :               Temporary Threshold Shift
847.  TUF                         :               Transformer Utilization Factor
848.  TUP                         :               Telephone User Port
849.  TVM                        :               Transistor Voltmeter
850.  TWS                        :               Track – While – Scan
851.  TWT                        :               Travelling Wave Tube
852.  Tx                            :               Transmitter
853.  UA                           :               User Agent
854.  UART                       :               Universal Asynchronous Receiver (or) Transmitter
855.  UBR                         :               Unspecified Bit Rate
856.  UDP                         :               User datagram protocol
857.  UHF                         :               Ultra High Frequency
858.  UHV                        :               ultra-high vacuum
859.  UHV                        :               ultra-high vacuum
860.  UJT                          :               Uni Junction Transistor
861.  ULSI                         :               Ultra High Scale Integration
862.  UNI                          :               User Network Interface
863.  UPS                         :               Uninterrupted Power supply
864.  URL                         :               Uniform Resource Locator
865.  USB                         :               Upper Side band
866.  UTP                         :               Unshielded Twisted Pair
867.  UWS                        :               Universal Work Station
868.  VBR                         :               Variable Bit Rate
869.  VC                            :               Virtual Circuit
870.  VCF                          :               Voltage Control band pass Filter
871.  VCO                         :               Voltage Controlled Oscillator
872.  VDR                         :               Voltage Dependent Resistor
873.  VDSL                        :               Very high bit rate Digital Subscriber Line
874.  VF                            :               Video Frequency
875.  VHF                         :               Very High Frequency
876.  VLAN                       :               Virtual Local Area Network
877.  VLF                          :               Very Low Frequency
878.  VLSI                         :               Very Large Scale Integration
879.  VOFR                       :               Voice Over Frame Relay
880.  VPN                         :               Virtual Private Network
881.  VRC                         :               Vertical Redundancy Check
882.  VSB                         :               vestigial Side Band
883.  VSELP                      :               Vector Sum Excited Linear Prediction
884.  VSWR                      :               Voltage Standing Wave Ratio
885.  VT                            :               Virtual Tributary
886.  VTD                         :               vapor transport deposition
887.  VTP                          :               Virtual Terminal Protocol
888.  VTR                         :               Video Tape Recording
889.  VTVM                      :               Vacuum Tube Volt Meter
890.  VU                           :               Volume Unit
891.  VVR                         :               Voltage Variable Resistance
892.  WAN                       :               Wide Area Network
893.  WATS                      :               Wide Area Telephone Service
894.  WBS                        :               White Block Skipping
895.  WDM                       :               Wave Division Multiplexing
896.  WDX                        :               wavelength-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy
897.  WDX                        :               wavelength-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy
898.  WE                          :               wet etching
899.  WGN                       :               White Gaussian Noise
900.  WHT                        :               Walsh Hadamard Transformer
901.  WSS                        :               Wide Sense Stationary
902.  WWW                     :               World Wide Wed
903.  XPS                          :               X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy
904.  XRL                          :               X-ray lithography (Roentgen lithography)
905.  YIG                          :               Yttrium Iron Garnet
906.  ZPAL                        :               zone-plate array lithography